The UK Family Court
Child Arrangements Process
Step by Step Guide

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The family court process in the UK can feel complex and overwhelming, especially if you are representing yourself. Understanding each stage of the process can help you feel more prepared, reduce uncertainty, and improve your confidence when attending court.

This guide explains the typical steps involved in family court proceedings in England and Wales, particularly for cases involving child arrangements and private family matters.

What Is the Family Court?

The family court deals with matters such as:

Child arrangements (where a child lives and who they spend time with)
Parental responsibility
Specific issue and prohibited steps orders
Enforcement of existing court orders

If an agreement cannot be reached outside of court, an application may need to be made for a judge to make a decision.

Step 1: Mediation Information and Assessment Meeting (MIAM)

Before applying to court, you are usually required to attend a MIAM (Mediation Information and Assessment Meeting).

This meeting:

Explores whether your case can be resolved without going to court
Helps reduce conflict where possible
Is a legal requirement in most cases

There are some exceptions, such as cases involving domestic abuse or urgency.

Step 2: Making a Court Application

If mediation is not suitable or unsuccessful, the next step is to apply to the court.

For most child arrangements cases, this involves completing a C100 application form.

This sets out:

What you are asking the court to decide
Details about the child or children involved
Any relevant background information

Step 3: Safeguarding Checks

Once your application is submitted, safeguarding checks are carried out by Cafcass.

This usually involves:

Police checks
Social services checks
Initial risk assessments

These checks help ensure the safety and wellbeing of any children involved.

Step 4: First Hearing (FHDRA)

The first court hearing is usually called a First Hearing Dispute Resolution Appointment (FHDRA).

At this stage:

A judge or magistrates will review your case
You will have an opportunity to explain your position
The court will consider whether an agreement can be reached

In some cases, matters may be resolved at this stage.

Step 5: Further Directions and Evidence

If the case is not resolved at the first hearing, the court may give directions for the next steps.

This may include:

Filing statements
Providing additional evidence
Cafcass involvement (reports or recommendations)

The aim is to gather all necessary information before a final decision is made.

Step 6: Further Hearings

Depending on the case, there may be additional hearings, such as:

Dispute Resolution Appointments (DRA)
Fact-finding hearings (if allegations are disputed)

These hearings help clarify the issues and move the case towards resolution.

Step 7: Final Hearing

If an agreement still cannot be reached, the case will proceed to a final hearing.

At this stage:

Both parties present their case
Evidence is considered
The judge or Magistrates make their final decision

The decision made by the court is legally binding.

How Long Does the Family Court Process Take?

The length of the family court process in the UK can vary depending on the complexity of the case.

Typical timescales:

Simple cases: a few months
More complex cases: 6–12 months or longer

Delays can occur depending on court availability and the nature of the case.

Representing Yourself in Family Court

Many people go through the family court process as litigants in person, meaning they do not have a solicitor.

While this is common, it can feel challenging without support, particularly when dealing with:

Court procedures
Documentation
Speaking in court

How a McKenzie Friend Can Help

A McKenzie Friend can support you throughout the family court process by:

Helping you prepare your case
Assisting with paperwork and organisation
Explaining what to expect at each stage
Supporting you during court hearings

Although they cannot usually speak on your behalf, their guidance can make the process much clearer and less stressful.

Tips for Navigating the Family Court Process

Stay organised and keep all documents in order
Meet all court deadlines
Be clear and focused when presenting your case
Remain calm and respectful in court
Prepare thoroughly for each hearing

Free Support and Guidance

At UK Family Court Support Hub – McKenzie Friend Advice, we support individuals throughout the family court process in the UK.

We offer:

A free 30-minute initial telephone consultation
Practical, tailored guidance
Ongoing McKenzie Friend support
Access to helpful guides and resources

Get Started Today

If you are going through the family court process and need support, we are here to help.

UK Family Court Support Hub - McKenzie Friend Advice

The UK Family Court Child Arrangements Process Step by Step Guide